to do 当名词用 → 主/宾 | doing 当名词/形用 → 主/宾/定 | doing/done 当形/副用 → 定/状/补
PART 1 · 导入本节课学习目标
①
区分配 4 种形态
to do / doing / doing(分词) / done 各自含义和用法
→
②
掌握固定搭配
哪些动词接 to do 哪些接 doing
→
③
秒杀语法填空
介词+doing 目的→to do 被动/完成→done
🏆
三关通关 → 非谓语动词拿下！
📖 小故事
小明在英语课上被老师点名："说说你的爱好！"
小明站起来："I like playing basketball. I want to be a NBA player."
老师说："第一句 playing 是动名词作 like 的宾语——喜欢做某事。 第二句 to be 是不定式——想要成为。"
小明坐下后又在课本上看到："Broken by the wind, the window..."
他明白了——broken 就是过去分词，表"被吹破"，修饰窗户。
👉 同一个动词，不做谓语的时候，就得"变身"——to do / doing / done，这就是非谓语动词！
PART 2 · 新知精讲不定式 to do — "要去做的"18 min
不定式 = to + 动词原形，表示目的、将来、未发生
作主语（形式主语 it）
It's important to learn English.
学英语很重要。
公式：It is + adj. + to do
📋 更多例子
To learn a foreign language requires patience. 学好一门外语需要耐心
It's necessary to practice every day. 每天练习是必要的
作宾语（动词后）
She decided to study abroad.
她决定出国留学。
常见: want/decide/hope/plan/refuse + to do
📋 更多例子
He promised to come on time. 他承诺准时到
They plan to travel next month. 他们计划下月旅行
作目的状语
He got up early to catch the bus.
他早起为了赶公交。
in order to / so as to = 为了
📋 更多例子
She saved money to buy a gift. 她省钱为了买礼物
I came here to see you. 我来这儿为了见你
作宾补（让某人做）
The teacher asked us to finish homework.
老师让我们完成作业。
⚠ 注意：make/let/have sb do（省略to！）
📋 更多例子
He told me to wait outside. 他让我在外面等
The doctor advised him to rest more. 医生建议他多休息
💡 秒记
"目的将来用 to do，有些动词必须跟 to do" 口诀：想要决定希望 refuse，计划承诺 afford，都接 to do！
PART 2 · 新知精讲动名词 doing — "这件事本身"
动名词 = 动词 + ing，当名词用，表示习惯、一般情况
作主语
Swimming is good for health.
游泳对健康有益。
动名词作主语 = 泛指这件事
📋 更多例子
Reading books broadens your mind. 读书开阔眼界
Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟有害健康
作动词宾语
I enjoy reading novels.
我享受读小说。
enjoy/finish/mind/suggest/practice + doing
📋 更多例子
He finished writing the report. 他写完了报告
Would you mind opening the window? 你介意开窗吗
作介词宾语（高频！）
Thank you for helping me.
谢谢你帮我。
⚠ 介词后必须用 doing！in/at/of/for/about + doing
📋 更多例子
He left without saying goodbye. 他没说再见就走了
I'm thinking about changing my job. 我在考虑换工作
固定搭配
I'm looking forward to seeing you.
我期待见到你。
⚠ look forward to / be used to / pay attention to + doing
the dancing girl / the broken window "正在……的" / "被……的"
作状语
to learn English（目的） 为了……
Prep. + doing 介词后表时间/方式等
Hearing the news（主动） Seen from the hill（被动）
作补语
ask him to go ⚠ make/let/have sb do
keep sb doing 让某人持续做
see sb doing / see sb done 看见正在做 / 看见被做
"介词doing 目的to，主动doing 被动done，固定搭配记心间"
PART 2 · 新知精讲to do vs doing 固定搭配速查表必背
✅ + to do（不定式）
want to do 想要做
decide to do 决定做
hope to do 希望做
plan to do 计划做
refuse to do 拒绝做
promise to do 承诺做
afford to do 负担得起
agree to do 同意做
expect to do 期待做
learn to do 学会做
manage to do 设法做到
offer to do 主动提出
pretend to do 假装做
seem to do 似乎做
✅ + doing（动名词）
enjoy doing 享受做
finish doing 完成做
mind doing 介意做
suggest doing 建议做
practice doing 练习做
miss doing 错过做
imagine doing 想象做
avoid doing 避免做
consider doing 考虑做
deny doing 否认做
keep doing 持续做
risk doing 冒险做
give up doing 放弃做
put off doing 推迟做
⚠ 双面词 — 接 to do 和 doing 含义不同
forget to do 忘记要去做 | forget doing 忘记做过 remember to do 记得要去做 | remember doing 记得做过 stop to do 停下来去做 | stop doing 停止做 try to do 努力做 | try doing 尝试做 regret to do 遗憾要做 | regret doing 后悔做过 mean to do 打算做 | mean doing 意味着
"介词doing 目的to"|"主动doing 被动done"|"固定搭配记心间"
PART 2 · 随堂练不定式 & 动名词专项5题
1
He wants ______ (buy) a new phone.
to buybuyingbought
✅ want + to do → to buy！want 是"想要做"。
❌ want 后面必须接 to do（不定式）！
2
I enjoy ______ (swim) in summer.
to swimswimmingswim
✅ enjoy + doing → swimming！enjoy 后面只能接 doing！
❌ enjoy 是"只能接 doing"的动词 → swimming！
3
She got up early ______ (catch) the first bus.
to catchcatchingcaught
✅ 目的状语 → to catch！早起"为了赶"公交。
❌ 这里表示目的"为了赶车" → 不定式 to catch！
4
She spends two hours ______ (practice) the piano every day.
to practicepracticingpractice
✅ spend time + doing → practicing！句型：spend...doing。
❌ spend time 后面必须接 (in) doing！
5
I'm interested in ______ (read) history books.
readto readreading
✅ 介词 in 后面 → reading！介词后面必须用 doing！
❌ in 是介词 → 介词后必须接 doing！
"介词doing 目的to"|"主动doing 被动done"|"固定搭配记心间"
PART 2 · 随堂练分词专项练习 — doing vs done4题
6
Do you know the boy ______ (stand) under the tree?
standingstoodto stand
✅ boy 主动"站" → standing！逻辑主语 boy 和 stand 是主动关系。
❌ 男孩自己站 → 主动 → standing！
7
The book ______ (write) by Lu Xun is very popular.
writingwrittento write
✅ 书"被写" → written（过去分词表被动）！by Lu Xun 是被动标志。
❌ by Lu Xun → 被动 → 过去分词 written！
8
______ (see) the teacher coming, the students quieted down.
SeeingSeenTo see
✅ 学生主动"看见" → Seeing！逻辑主语 students 和 see 是主动。
❌ students 主动看见 → 现在分词 Seeing！
9
______ (give) more time, I could do it better.
GivingGivenTo give
✅ 我被给更多时间 → Given（被动）！逻辑主语 I 和 give 是被动关系。
❌ I 是被给时间 → 被动 → 过去分词 Given！
"介词doing 目的to"|"主动doing 被动done"|"固定搭配记心间"
PART 3 · 随堂分层练习综合练习 ①6题
1
My mother asked me ______ (watch) TV for only one hour.
to watchwatchingwatched
✅ ask sb to do → to watch！ask 后面接 to do。
❌ ask sb 后面接 to do → to watch！
2
After ______ (finish) his homework, he went out to play.
finishto finishfinishing
✅ After 是介词 → 后面 doing → finishing！介词+doing。
❌ After 是介词 → 介词后必须接 doing！
3
He came here ______ (help) us.
to helphelpinghelped
✅ 目的"为了帮" → to help！不定式表目的。
❌ 这里表示来的目的 → 不定式 to help！
4
Look! There is a girl ______ (dance) in the room.
danceddancingto dance
✅ girl 主动跳舞 → dancing（现在分词）！"正在跳舞的"女孩。
❌ 女孩自己跳舞 → 主动 → 现在分词 dancing！
5
Would you mind ______ (smoke) here?
to smokesmokingsmoke
✅ mind + doing → smoking！mind 是只能接 doing 的动词。
❌ Would you mind doing? 固定句型 → smoking！
6
The news is ______ (surprise). Everyone feels surprised.
surprisingsurprisedsurprise
✅ 新闻"令人惊讶" → surprising！物用 doing，人用 done。
❌ 物作主语 → 用 doing（令人……的）！
"介词doing 目的to"|"主动doing 被动done"|"固定搭配记心间"
PART 3 · 随堂分层练习综合练习 ②6题
7
Don't forget ______ (lock) the door when you leave.
to locklockinglocked
✅ forget to do → 忘记"要去做" → to lock！
❌ forget to do（忘记要做）≠ forget doing（忘记做过）！
8
A man ______ (call) Tom wants to see you.
callingcalledto call
✅ 一个"被叫做"Tom的男人 → called！被动用 done。
❌ man 是被叫做Tom → 被动 → 过去分词 called！
9
Thank you for ______ (tell) me the truth.
tellto telltelling
✅ for 是介词 → 后面 doing → telling！介词+doing 铁律！
❌ for 是介词 → 介词后必须接 doing！
10
He kept me ______ (wait) for an hour.
waitto waitwaiting
✅ keep sb doing → waiting！keep + 宾语 + doing（持续做）。
❌ keep sb doing 固定搭配 → waiting！
11
I had my bike ______ (repair) yesterday.
repairingrepairedto repair
✅ have sth done → "让别人做" → repaired！bike 是被修。
❌ have sth done = 让某事被做 → repaired！
12
______ (hear) the good news, she couldn't help jumping.
HearingHeardTo hear
✅ she 主动"听到" → Hearing！分词作时间状语。
❌ she 主动听到 → 现在分词 Hearing！
"介词doing 目的to"|"主动doing 被动done"|"固定搭配记心间"
PART 3 · 随堂分层练习易错题 — 高考陷阱易错层 · 4题
易错1 · forget to do vs doing
I'll never forget ______ (meet) my idol for the first time. → 语境：永远不会忘记"见过"
to meetmeeting
✅ "永远不会忘记见过" → forget doing（做过的事）！forget to do = 忘记要去做。
❌ 这是"忘记曾做过的事" → forget doing！不是忘记要去做。
易错2 · look forward to + doing
I look forward to ______ (be) a college student.
bebeing
✅ look forward to 中的 to 是介词 → 后面接 doing → being！
❌ 这个 to 是介词，不是不定式！→ being！
易错3 · 不定式否定
The teacher told us ______ (not be) late again.
not to beto not be
✅ 不定式否定 → not + to do → not to be！否定词放 to 前面。
❌ 不定式的否定是 not to do，不是 to not do！
易错4 · 不定式完成式
He seems ______ (be) there before.
to beto have been
✅ before + seems → "似乎之前去过" → to have been（不定式完成式）！
❌ before 表之前发生 → 不定式用完成式 to have done！
"介词doing 目的to"|"主动doing 被动done"|"固定搭配记心间"
PART 3 · 随堂分层练习拖拽选词 — 拼出正确的非谓语形式互动游戏
把下面的词拖到句子空格里，选对变绿，选错变红。点击已填空格可还原。
to dodoingdone
He wants learn English well.
I enjoy basketball after school.
The window by Tom needs repairing.
She came here help us.
Thank you for me so much.
from the top, the park looks beautiful.
"介词doing 目的to"|"主动doing 被动done"|"固定搭配记心间"
PART 4 · 高考真题近3年新高考真题真题实战
2024 · 新高考 I 卷
The children were excited ______ (perform) on the stage.
to performperformingperformed
✅ be excited to do → to perform！形容词后常用 to do。
❌ be excited to do 固定搭配！
2023 · 新高考 I 卷
I still remember ______ (visit) the museum when I was a child.
to visitvisitingvisited
✅ remember doing → "记得做过" → visiting！remember to do = 记得要去做。
❌ when I was a child → 回忆过去做过的事 → remember doing！
2023 · 全国甲卷
The organization ______ (found) in 2008 has helped thousands of people.
foundingfoundedto found
✅ 组织"被创立" → founded！过去分词表被动，修饰 organization。
❌ 组织被创立 → 被动 → 过去分词 founded！
2022 · 新高考 II 卷
The government took measures ______ (reduce) air pollution.
to reducereducingreduced
✅ 采取措施"为了减少" → to reduce！不定式表目的。
❌ 目的状语 → 不定式 to reduce！
2022 · 全国乙卷
______ (know) as the longest wall in the world, the Great Wall attracts millions of visitors.
KnowingKnownTo know
✅ 长城"被知道为" → Known！被动用过去分词。
❌ 长城是被知道的 → 被动 → Known！
"介词doing 目的to"|"主动doing 被动done"|"固定搭配记心间"
PART 4 · 高考真题做题秒杀三步法应试技巧
①
看前面有没有介词
介词后 → doing in/at/of/for/about/after look forward to + doing