前缀·后缀·词根 · 派生·合成·转化
un+happy → unhappy
teach+er → teacher
前缀+词根 / 词根+后缀→新词
📋 更多例子black+board → blackboard
home+work → homework
两个独立词合并→新词
📋 更多例子water (n.水) → to water (v.浇水)
clean (adj.) → to clean (v.)
不改变拼写，直接变词性
📋 更多例子| 前缀 | 含义 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| un- | 不/相反 | unhappy, unfair, unable |
| dis- | 不/否定 | disagree, disappear, dislike |
| re- | 再/重新 | rewrite, return, rebuild |
| mis- | 错误 | misunderstand, mislead |
| pre- | 前/预先 | preview, predict, prepare |
| over- | 过度 | overwork, overweight |
| 前缀 | 含义 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| im-/in-/ir- | 不 | impossible, incorrect, irregular |
| en-/em- | 使… | enable, encourage, empower |
| inter- | 之间/互相 | international, interview |
| trans- | 跨越/转移 | translate, transport |
| super- | 超/超级 | superman, supermarket |
| under- | 不足/在下 | underestimate, underground |
| 名词后缀 | 示例 |
|---|---|
| -tion/-sion | education, decision, information |
| -ment | development, achievement, movement |
| -ness | happiness, kindness, darkness |
| -er/-or | teacher, visitor, actor, worker |
| -ance/-ence | importance, difference, confidence |
| -ity | ability, reality, activity |
| 形容词后缀 | 示例 |
|---|---|
| -ful | beautiful, helpful, careful |
| -less | careless, homeless, helpless(⚠无/缺) |
| -able/-ible | comfortable, possible, reasonable |
| -ous | dangerous, famous, nervous |
| -al | national, natural, personal |
| -ive | active, creative, attractive |
| 副词后缀 | 示例 |
|---|---|
| -ly | quickly, carefully, happily |
| 其他 | maybe, perhaps, always |
空格需要什么词性？
名词/动词/形容词/副词？
看句子成分→主/宾/谓/定/状/补
需要肯定还是否定？
肯定→不加前缀
否定→加un-/dis-/im-等
名词→-tion/-ment/-ness
形容词→-ful/-less/-able
副词→-ly