同学们，名词可以做主语、宾语——那一句话能不能当名词用？能！这就是名词性从句。
🌍 日常对话
What he said surprised everyone.
他说的话让所有人惊讶。
🎓 学习感悟
I believe that hard work pays off.
我相信努力就会有回报。
🏀 科比名言
The question is whether we can finish on time.
问题是我们能否按时完成。
📰 新闻
The news that China launched the rocket excited everyone.
中国发射了火箭的消息让所有人兴奋。
🤔 思考
Who will win is still unknown.
谁会赢还不知道。
📌 发现规律
以上彩色部分都是一句完整的话，但它们充当了主语、宾语、表语、同位语——这就是名词性从句！
1
I believe ______ she is honest.
我相信她是诚实的。
thatwhatwhether
✅ 从句完整不缺成分 → that！宾语从句中 that 可省略。
❌ she is honest 主语谓语完整 → 用 that 只起连接作用！
2
I don't understand ______ you mean.
我不明白你的意思。
thatwhatwhether
✅ mean 后面缺宾语 → what（= the thing that）！
❌ you mean ___ → mean 缺宾语 → 需要充当成分的词 → what！
3
I wonder ______ he will come or not.
我想知道他是否会来。
thatwhatwhether
✅ "是否" + or not → whether！宾语从句中 if 也可，但正式用 whether。
❌ or not 提示"是否" → whether（或 if）！
4
Do you know ______ broke the window?
你知道谁打破了窗户吗？
whowhomwhose
✅ broke 缺主语 → who！
❌ broke the window 缺主语 → who（作主语）！
5
______ he needs is more time.
他所需要的是更多时间。
ThatWhatWhether
✅ needs 缺宾语 → What！主语从句句首不能用 That（That 表"那件事"时可用但含义不同）。
❌ he needs ___ → 缺宾语 → 用 What（= the thing that）！That 不充当成分。
6
______ the earth is round is a fact.
地球是圆的是一个事实。
ThatWhatWhether
✅ 从句完整不缺成分 → That！That 在句首引导主语从句不能省略。
❌ the earth is round 主谓完整 → 不需要充当成分的词 → That！
7
The question is ______ we should go.
问题是我们是否该去。
thatwhatwhether
✅ 表语从句"是否" → whether！表语从句不用 if！
❌ 表语从句中"是否"必须用 whether！if 不能引导表语从句！
8
The fact ______ she was late surprised no one.
她迟到了的事实没有让任何人惊讶。
thatwhichwhat
✅ fact 后接从句解释内容 → 同位语从句！从句完整 → that 不成分。
❌ she was late 内容完整 → 同位语从句 that 只起连接作用！
9
The news ______ you told me is exciting.
你告诉我的那个消息很激动人心。
that / whichwhatwhether
✅ told 缺宾语 → 定语从句！that/which 充当宾语 → 这是定语从句不是同位语！
❌ 陷阱！you told me ___ → told 缺宾语 → 定语从句！that 充当成分！
1
______ he did surprised us all.
他所做的让我们都惊讶。
ThatWhatWhether
✅ 主语从句中 did 缺宾语 → What！
❌ he did ___ → did 缺宾语 → What！
2
The problem is ______ we lack money.
问题是我们缺钱。
thatwhatwhether
✅ 表语从句，从句完整 → that！
❌ we lack money 主谓宾完整 → that！
3
______ we will go depends on the weather.
我们是否会去取决于天气。
ThatWhetherWhat
✅ 主语从句"是否" → Whether！句首不用 if！
❌ 主语从句"是否" → Whether！句首不能用 if！"句首表同介不用 if"！
4
I can't imagine ______ life would be like without the internet.
我无法想象没有互联网生活会是什么样。
thatwhatwhether
✅ be like ___ → 缺宾语 → what！
❌ would be like ___ → like 缺宾语 → what！
5
I don't know ______ he is so angry.
我不知道他为什么那么生气。
whythatwhether
✅ "为什么" → why！wh-词自带含义。
❌ 表原因 → why！he is so angry 不缺主宾 → 排除 that/what → 用 why！
6
The hope ______ he would recover kept us going.
他会康复的希望支撑着我们。
thatwhichwhat
✅ hope 的内容 → 同位语从句！从句完整 → that 不成分。
❌ he would recover 主谓完整 → 同位语从句用 that！不是定语从句不能用 which！
7
______ impressed me most was his courage.
最让我印象深刻的是他的勇气。
WhatThatIt
✅ 主语从句，impressed 缺主语 → What！
❌ ___ impressed me most → impressed 缺主语 → What！
8
It depends on ______ it will rain.
这取决于是否会下雨。
whetherifthat
✅ 介词 on 后面 → 只能用 whether！介词后不用 if！
❌ 介词 on 后面 → 不用 if → 必须用 whether！"句首表同介"！
9
I have a feeling ______ something bad will happen.
我有一种不好的事情要发生的预感。
thatwhichwhat
✅ feeling 的内容 → 同位语从句！从句完整 → that 不成分。
❌ something bad will happen 完整 → 同位语从句 → that！不能选 which！
10
Can you tell me ______ to get to the station?
你能告诉我怎么去车站吗？
howwhatthat
✅ "怎么去" → how！wh-词+to do是常见结构。
❌ "怎么/如何" → how！
11
I don't remember ______ I put my keys.
我不记得把钥匙放哪了。
wherewhatthat
✅ "放在哪" → where！
❌ 问地点 → where！
12
______ China has made great progress in space exploration is well-known.
中国在太空探索上取得了巨大进步是众所周知的。
ThatWhatWhether
✅ 主语从句，从句完整不缺成分 → That！
❌ China has made... 主谓宾完整 → 不需要 what 充当成分 → That！
易错1
The news ______ our team won the championship spread quickly. （同位语 / 定语？）
同位语从句定语从句
✅ 同位语！"our team won..." 是 news 的内容，从句完整 → that 不成分。
❌ "队伍夺冠" 是消息的内容，不是修饰消息的特征 → 同位语从句！
易错2
The news ______ he brought us was exciting. （同位语 / 定语？）
同位语从句定语从句
✅ 定语从句！brought 缺宾语 → that/which 充当成分 → 定语从句！
❌ he brought us ___ → brought 缺宾语 → that 充当成分 → 定语从句！不是同位语！
易错3
The idea ______ he came up with was brilliant.
他想出来的那个主意很聪明。
thatwhat
✅ 这是定语从句！came up with ___ 缺宾语 → that/which 充当成分。
❌ he came up with ___ → with 缺宾语 → 定语从句！that 充当成分，不是同位语！
易错4
The idea ______ we should start earlier is good.
我们应该早点开始的想法很好。
thatwhat
✅ 同位语从句！we should start earlier 完整 → that 只连接不成分。
❌ 从句完整不缺成分 → 同位语从句 → that！不能选 what！
2024 · 新高考 I 卷
The artist was not satisfied with ______ he had painted.
艺术家对他所画的不满意。
whatthatwhich
✅ 宾语从句，had painted 缺宾语 → what！高考经典考法！
❌ he had painted ___ → painted 缺宾语 → what（= the thing that）！
2023 · 新高考 I 卷
The fact ______ more and more teenagers are short-sighted worries parents.
越来越多青少年近视的事实让家长担忧。
thatwhichwhat
✅ fact 内容 → 同位语从句！从句完整 → that！高考常考同位语 vs 定语辨析！
❌ 从句完整，this 是 fact 的内容 → 同位语从句 → that！不能用 which！
2023 · 全国甲卷
______ makes the book special is its unique perspective.
让这本书特别的是它独特的视角。
WhatThatIt
✅ 主语从句，makes 缺主语 → What！句首不能用 That（含义不同）。
❌ ___ makes the book special → makes 缺主语 → What！
2022 · 新高考 II 卷
The question of ______ we should lower the price is under discussion.
我们是否应该降价的问题正在讨论中。
whetherifthat
✅ 介词 of 后面 + "是否" → whether！介词后不能用 if！
❌ of 是介词 → 介词后面不用 if → 必须用 whether！"句首表同介"！
2022 · 全国乙卷
Nobody could explain ______ the experiment failed.
没有人能解释为什么实验失败了。
whywhatthat
✅ 表原因 → why！the experiment failed 主谓完整 → why 作状语。
❌ explain 需要"为什么失败" → why！从句完整不缺主宾 → 排除 what。