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冠词·名词·主谓一致

a/an/the · 可数不可数 · 主谓一致三大原则

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冠词·名词·主谓一致

a/an/the/零冠词 · 可数不可数 · 三大原则
新东方 · 词法专题模块一
冠词冠词 a / an / the — 三兄弟

a — 泛指"一个"

I saw a dog.

我看到一只狗。

辅音音素前用 a

an — 元音音素前

She is an honest girl.

她是个诚实的女孩。

⚠ 元音音素：hour/an honest/university

the — 特指"那个"

The sun rises in the east.

太阳从东方升起。

独一无二/上文提及/双方知道

1
I need ___ hour to finish.
aanthe
✅ hour [aʊər] 元音音素 → an！
❌ h不发音，元音开头 → an！
2
___ Great Wall is famous worldwide.
AAnThe
✅ 独一无二 → The！专有名词。
❌ 独一无二用 the！
💡 口诀
"a/an泛指the特指，元音音素用an不是看字母"
零冠词+名词零冠词规则 + 可数/不可数名词

零冠词（不加冠词）

复数泛指：Dogs are loyal.
三餐/球类/学科：have lunch, play basketball
专有名词：China, Monday
交通方式：by bus, on foot

📋 更多例子
in hospital（住院）≠ in the hospital（在医院里）
at school（上学）≠ at the school（在学校里）

可数 vs 不可数

可数：book → books
不可数：water, advice, information, furniture, equipment, news
⚠ 不可数不加 a/an，没有复数！用 a piece of 等量化

📋 更多例子
a piece of news（一条消息）news不可数
two pieces of furniture（两件家具）
3
He gave me ___ good advice.
aan/
✅ advice 不可数 → 零冠词！
❌ advice不可数，不加a/an！
4
They play ___ basketball every day.
athe/
✅ 球类→零冠词！
❌ play+球类→零冠词！
主谓一致主谓一致 — 三大原则高频失分

① 语法一致

主语单→谓语单
He likes music.
They like music.

② 意义一致

The police are coming.
⚠ police/people/cattle 永远复数

③ 就近原则

Either you or he is wrong.
Neither I nor she likes it.
Not only...but also 同理

5
The police ___ searching for the thief.
isarewas
✅ police 永远复数 → are！
❌ police 集合名词永远复数！
6
Neither he nor I ___ going.
amisare
✅ 就近→I→am！neither...nor看最近主语。
❌ 就近原则→I→am！
主谓一致进阶就远原则 + 数量词作主语

就远原则

The girl together with her friends is here.
Nobody but Tom and Jack was late.

with/along with/together with/but/except→看前面主语

数量词/分数

Ten dollars is enough.（金钱→单数）
Two thirds of the water is clean.
Two thirds of the students are happy.

⚠ 分数+of → 看of后的名词

7
The teacher with his students ___ going to the museum.
isarewere
✅ with→就远原则→看teacher单数→is！
❌ with不看，看前面teacher→is！
8
The number of students ___ increasing.
isarewere
✅ the number of→单数！a number of→复数！
❌ the number of 单数！
专项练冠词·名词·主谓一致 专项练习6题
1
___ university is not ___ easy place to study.
A,anAn,aThe,an
✅ university [juː]辅音开头→A！easy [iː]元音→an！
❌ 看音素不是看字母！
2
Maths ___ my favorite subject at school.
isarewere
✅ maths学科名→单数！
❌ maths虽以s结尾但是单数！
3
He goes to work by ___ bike.
athe/
✅ by+交通工具→零冠词！
❌ by bike/bus/car→零冠词！
4
Either the boys or the girl ___ responsible.
isarebe
✅ 就近→girl单数→is！
❌ either...or看最近→girl→is！
5
The police ___ already arrived at the scene.
hashaveis
✅ police永远复数→have！
❌ police复数→have！
6
Two hours ___ not enough for this task.
isarewere
✅ 时间作主语→单数→is！
❌ 时间/距离/金钱→单数！
"a/an泛the特"|"零冠词 名不可"|"主谓一致三原则"
MODULE COMPLETE

冠词·名词·主谓一致

a/an/the · 零冠词 · 可数不可数 · 主谓一致三原则
词法专题 模块一 ✓